全国卷 高二 英语（下册）Working the land 农业专项练习

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Rice feeds nearly half of the world's population, yet growing it is far from simple. For centuries, farmers in southern China have flooded their fields before transplanting seedlings, believing that water is the one thing a rice crop can never have too much of. Dr. Chen, an agricultural scientist, questioned this assumption. After eight years of field trials across four provinces, her team reported something surprising: when fields are kept only slightly wet instead of fully flooded, rice yields rise by about 12 percent while water use drops by nearly 40 percent. The reason, Chen explains, lies beneath the surface. In fully flooded soil, roots grow shallow because oxygen is scarce, and the plants become dependent on constant irrigation. Slightly wet soil, by contrast, forces roots to reach deeper for water, building stronger plants that resist drought and storms. "Farmers were not wrong to trust their experience," Chen said. "But experience tells us what has always been done; it does not always tell us what the plant actually needs." Still, Chen is careful not to condemn traditional flooding outright. In low-lying areas where rainwater collects, flooding remains the cheapest way to control weeds. What she advocates is not a revolution but a shift in thinking: farmers should read their own fields—soil type, rainfall, and local pests—rather than follow a single rule blindly. What is the author's attitude towards Dr. Chen's research?

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 For centuries, farmers have worked hard on the land to feed the world. Today, however, agriculture faces a serious challenge: the soil in many regions is becoming less fertile year by year. To solve this problem, some young researchers have returned to their hometowns and begun to experiment with new ways of farming. One of them is Lin Wei, who studied plant science at university. Instead of using large amounts of chemical fertilizer, Lin and his team plant beans between rows of corn. The beans take nitrogen from the air and store it in the soil, so the corn grows well without extra chemicals. Another researcher, Gao Min, has developed a mobile app that warns farmers when to water their crops and when to stop. With rainfall becoming harder to predict, this simple tool has already saved a great deal of water. What these young people share is a belief that farming does not have to be a backward job. They argue that traditional knowledge, if combined with modern science, can make the land productive again. Their fields are now used as open-air classrooms, where students learn how crops grow and why healthy soil matters. Of course, change is slow. Older farmers are often unwilling to try unfamiliar methods, and the new techniques sometimes fail in the first year. Still, the young researchers insist that they are on the right road. "Agriculture feeds the world," says Lin Wei, "and it is our duty to make sure it keeps doing so." What is the main idea of the passage?

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 In a recent school survey, 200 students in Grade 2 were asked about their understanding of agriculture. The results were surprising. Although 180 of them agreed that "agriculture feeds the world", only 60 could correctly spell the word "agriculture", and fewer than 50 knew what "cultivate" really means. What is more, 150 students believed that crops grow better if farmers leave the soil alone for a whole year, which is only partly true. Mr. Chen, who has taught biology for fifteen years, was not shocked. "Students see food in supermarkets, not in the fields," he said. "They know harvest is a busy season, but they have no idea how much work comes before it." To change this, the school has decided to open a small experimental plot behind the teaching building. With spring coming, students will plant vegetables there and record how the crops grow from week to week. Mr. Chen hopes that, with the plot getting greener day by day, students will finally understand that farming is both knowledge and hard work. Which of the following best describes Mr. Chen's attitude towards the survey results?

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Farmers have cultivated the land for thousands of years. Agriculture provides food for millions of people, so any change in rainfall can influence the harvest. In some regions, the rain is so unreliable ______ farmers have to build wells to store water. In recent years, new technology has been developed to help them manage ______ (they) crops more efficiently. One researcher, ______ life has been devoted to agricultural science, has created a system that can monitor soil conditions and send warnings to farmers' phones. As a result, ______ (grow) crops in dry areas has become less risky than before.

根据括号内所给词的适当形式或提示，用 with 复合结构完成下列句子，并结合语法知识分析画线部分（用【】标出）的结构。 1. 用 with 复合结构翻译：春天来了，农民们开始播种。 2. 用 with 复合结构翻译：由于庄稼长势良好，农民们心里充满了喜悦。 3. 改写句子（保留原意，使用 with 复合结构）：The workers were carrying the newly harvested wheat to the storehouse, and the farmers smiled with relief. 4. 语法分析：指出下列句子中 with 复合结构里非谓语动词的形式是否正确，并说明理由。 With the soil to test carefully, the agronomists drew up a new planting plan.（假设此处需要表示「土壤已被检测完毕」） 5. 写出 agriculture 的正确拼写，并用其名词形式造一个含 with 复合结构的英文句子。

阅读下面短文，用括号内所给词的适当形式填空或根据句意填入一个恰当的词，并将句子改写为要求的形式。 Agriculture feeds the world, and farmers work hard on the land to produce good crops. In the past, most farmers in the village had to cultivate the soil by hand. With new machines (introduce) into the area, the work has become much easier. With crops (grow) well this season, the villagers expect a rich harvest. The scientist who has devoted his life to agriculture is respected by everyone here. 1. 将括号内所给词的适当形式填入句中空白处（introduce / grow）。 2. 将文中最后一句 "The scientist who has devoted his life to agriculture is respected by everyone here." 改写为含过去分词短语作定语的句子（参考：The book which was written by him is popular. → The book written by him is popular.）。

Read the passage and finish the three tasks below. Agriculture feeds the world, and farmers work hard on the land to make that possible. However, modern farming methods have had a great impact on the environment. So far, more than one large irrigation project has been constructed in this river valley to save water. With crops growing well this season, the villagers are expecting a good harvest. Task 1: Fill in each blank with one proper word or the correct form of the word given. (1) Modern farming methods have had a great impact ________ the environment. (2) So far, more than one large irrigation project ________ (construct) in this river valley to save water. (3) With crops ________ (grow) well this season, the villagers are expecting a good harvest. Task 2: Rewrite the sentence using the with-complex structure. Farmers are busy in the fields, and golden rice is waving in the wind. → ____________________________________________ Task 3: Point out the grammatical structure of the underlined part below and explain its function. The book written by an agricultural scientist is widely used in rural schools. (The underlined part: written by an agricultural scientist)

Read the unfinished passage and complete the two writing tasks that follow. Last autumn our school launched a project called "Seeds of Hope", in which students cultivated a small piece of land behind the teaching building and donated the harvest to families in need. Everyone worked hard, and by November the crops were growing well. Just when we were planning to expand the project next spring, an unexpected notice arrived: the land would be taken back for a new laboratory building. All of a sudden, the whole team fell silent. Task 1 (Continuation writing): Continue the story in about 100 words, beginning with: "Just when all hope seemed lost, our monitor stood up and said, 'Let's not give up so easily.'" Requirements: 1) your continuation should provide a reasonable and realistic solution to the problem; 2) describe the characters' feelings; 3) end with a sentence that lifts the theme of the story. Task 2 (Application writing): Suppose you are Li Hua, the leader of the "Seeds of Hope" project. Write an email in about 80 words to Mr. Brown, an expert in sustainable agriculture who once visited your school. In your email you should: 1) tell him about the difficulty your project is facing; 2) ask for his advice on finding a new piece of land or growing crops in a limited space; 3) express your hope for his reply.