1选择题
You are writing a letter to your British friend Tom to invite him to join an online reading club activity. Choose the best way to complete the opening sentence of your letter.
"Dear Tom, I'm writing to ______."
- A. tell you that the earth goes around the sun
- B. invite you to take part in our online reading club activity this Saturday
- C. complain about the noise from the construction site near my home
- D. ask you to return the money you borrowed from me last month
答案：B
解析：本题考查应用文（书信）的常用开头句式 "I'm writing to..." 的功能。书信开头应开门见山交代写信目的，且目的须与情境一致。题干情境是「邀请英国笔友参加线上读书会活动」，因此目的应为邀请参加活动。
A 项内容是客观事实陈述，与写信目的无关，且若要用从句表达客观事实，应为 It is known to all that the earth goes around the sun（it 作形式主语），而不是 that the earth... 直接作宾语从句后置，故排除；C 项是投诉信的目的，D 项是催款信的目的，均与「邀请」这一情境不符。
易错点：① 只看句式不看情境，误以为 "I'm writing to" 后接任何从句都对；② 忽略书信写作「要点齐全、语言得体」的要求，选了与情境无关的内容；③ 受中文思维影响，把写信目的写成迂回的铺垫。应用文写作的第一步就是明确文体与目的，格式与要点必须匹配情境。故选 B。
2选择题
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Our school English club is planning a "Smart Spending Week" to help students manage their pocket money. The following is part of the announcement sent to all students:
On the one hand, tracking every expense with a phone app brings great convenience: you can see where your money goes within seconds. On the other hand, some students report that staring at the app all day makes them anxious and even encourages impulsive online shopping.
To balance both sides, the club suggests a simple rule. For example, last month Li Hua set a weekly budget of 80 yuan. He recorded his spending for just five minutes each evening, and by the end of the month he had saved 120 yuan for a dictionary he had long wanted. As a result, he believes the key is not the app itself but how regularly and honestly one uses it.
In short, technology can be a helpful tool, yet it is the user's self-discipline that finally decides the result.
Question: Which rhetorical device (论证方法) does the writer mainly use in the second paragraph?
- A. Giving examples to support the idea.
- B. Comparing two opposite sides of the same issue.
- C. Explaining causes and effects in order.
- D. Quoting an expert's words to prove a point.
答案：B
解析：本题考查议论文中对比论证的识别。第二段先用 On the one hand 引出记账软件带来的便利（convenience），再用 On the other hand 引出其弊端（anxiety 与冲动消费），正反两方面相对照，属于典型的对比论证。A 项举例论证出现在第三段（For example, last month Li Hua…），C 项因果论证虽在段中有 as a result 等词，但不是第二段的主要方法，D 项引用论证在文中并未出现。易错点：① 把 On the one hand… On the other hand… 误判为并列或因果关系；② 只看到第三段的例子就选 A，未锁定题目所问的第二段。识别对比论证的关键信号词有 on the one hand / on the other hand、however、in contrast、conversely、while、yet 等。故选B。
3选择题
Read the following short passage and answer the question.
When the other boys laughed at his torn shoes, Marcus felt heat rush to his face. He clenched his fists at his sides, took a slow, deep breath, and then looked up at them with a steady gaze. "I'd rather have shoes with holes than a heart with holes," he said quietly, before turning around and walking away with his head held high.
Which of the following best describes Marcus's character as revealed by the whole sequence of his actions and words?
- A. He is timid and gives in to others easily.
- B. He is calm, self-controlled, and quietly confident.
- C. He is bad-tempered and likely to start a fight.
- D. He is indifferent and feels nothing about the teasing.
答案：B
解析：本题考查通过人物动作与语言细节推断性格（考点3.1人物分析）。推理步骤：①'felt heat rush to his face'说明他并非麻木，排除D；②'clenched his fists'看似愤怒，但紧接着' took a slow, deep breath'与'steady gaze'表明他主动平复情绪，故排除C；③他没有躲避或讨好，而是说出有分量的回应后'head held high'地离开，体现自尊与冷静，排除A。易错点：孤立地把'clenched his fists'读作愤怒，忽略动作序列的整体逻辑；或用自己的生活经验替代文本分析。必须把分散细节连成行为链条：受激→自我调节→有尊严地回应并离开。故选B。
4填空题
根据短文内容，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内所给词的正确形式，使短文内容完整、连贯。
Last month, our school newspaper did a survey on how senior three students spent their pocket money. The results were interesting. The number of students who chose to save part of their pocket money in the bank ______ (rise) from 35% in 2022 to 52% in 2024. By contrast, the proportion of those who spent most of their money on snacks ______ (remain) almost unchanged during the same period.
______ (compare) with boys, girls were more willing to buy books with their pocket money. It is ______ (report) that about 60% of the girls surveyed listed books as their first choice, while only 30% of the boys did so.
When asked about the reason for saving money, many students said that they were preparing for a trip after the college entrance examination. ______ is clear that today's students are learning to manage their money more wisely than before.
答案：1. rose 2. remained 3. Compared 4. reported 5. It
详细解析：
1. rose：句中时间状语为 from 2022 to 2024，描述过去发生的趋势变化，应用一般过去时 rise 的过去式 rose。注意 rise 是不及物动词，不需被动。
2. remained：与前句并列，同为过去时间段内的状态，用一般过去时 remained，意为「保持不变」。
3. Compared：compare 与逻辑主语 girls 之间是被动关系（「与男孩相比」= girls are compared with boys），故用过去分词 Compared 作状语，且置于句首首字母大写。
4. reported：固定句型 It is reported that...，it 为形式主语，that 从句是真正的主语，report 与「报道内容」之间是被动关系，用过去分词 reported。
5. It：固定句型 It is clear that...，it 为形式主语，that 从句是真正的主语，避免句子头重脚轻。
解析：本题综合考查非谓语动词作状语、时态，以及 it 作形式主语的固定句型，并以「零花钱管理」这一日常生活与消费理财情境呈现数据趋势，呼应「描述数据」考点。
易错点：
① 第 1、2 空受前文 "Last month" 影响，误用现在完成时或现在时；应根据 from 2022 to 2024 这一明确的过去时间范围用一般过去时。
② 第 3 空易误填 Comparing（现在分词）。判断依据是逻辑关系：girls 是「被比较」的对象，是被动关系，必须用过去分词 Compared；若填 Comparing，则表示「女孩去比较」，主被动关系颠倒。
③ 第 4 空易误填 reporting 或 to report。固定句型 It is reported/said/believed that... 中用过去分词表示被动，这是高考高频考点。
④ 第 5 空易受中文思维影响填 What（What is clear that... 是错误结构）或 As。固定句型为 It is clear that...，it 是形式主语，that 引导主语从句；若要用 As，应写 As is clear，而不能写 As is clear that。
解题步骤建议：先找句子主干与时间状语判断时态 → 再判断非谓语动词与逻辑主语的主被动关系 → 最后识别固定句型（It is + 过去分词/形容词 + that...）。
5填空题
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容和括号内所给词的适当形式或适当的定语从句关系词填空，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。
Dear Tom,
I'm writing to invite you to our class "Budget Diary" sharing meeting, 1. ______ will be held in the school library at 3 p.m. this Friday. It is an activity 2. ______ (design) to help students form good spending habits.
Last term, there was a period 3. ______ I spent almost all my pocket money on snacks. Later, I turned to a classmate 4. ______ father is a bank clerk, and he taught me how to make a simple budget. Now I have saved 300 yuan, with 5. ______ I plan to buy some English novels. I still remember the small café 6. ______ we first discussed the plan last winter.
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
答案：1. which 2. designed 3. when 4. whose 5. which 6. where
解题步骤：
1. 空1：先行词为前面整个活动/会议，非限制性定语从句中缺主语，用 which（不用 that）。
2. 空2：activity 与 design 之间是被动关系，用过去分词 designed 作后置定语，相当于 which was designed。
3. 空3：先行词 a period 表时间，从句 I spent almost all my pocket money on snacks 结构完整，不缺主宾，故用关系副词 when 作时间状语。
4. 空4：从句 father is a bank clerk 中 father 与先行词 classmate 之间是从属关系，用 whose 引导。
5. 空5：介词 with 提前，指物，用 which，构成 with which I plan to buy some English novels。
6. 空6：先行词 the small café 表地点，从句 we first discussed the plan 结构完整，缺少地点状语（we discussed the plan in the café），故用 where。
解析：本题综合考查定语从句中关系代词与关系副词的选择，并穿插非谓语动词，同时以「零花钱记账」的书信情境呈现。核心解题方法是：先分析从句句子成分，再判断先行词在从句中作主语/宾语还是状语。易错点：① 空3看到 period 就想当然填 which/that，忽略 spent 后已有宾语 all my pocket money，从句不缺主宾，应填 when；② 空6看到地点名词 café 就机械填 where，必须先确认从句是否缺主宾；③ 空2误填 designing 或 to design，注意 activity 与 design 是被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语；④ 空4误用 who/which，注意 father 与 classmate 是所属关系，须用 whose；⑤ 空1在非限制性定语从句中误用 that。此外注意书信格式：开头 Dear Tom，结尾 Looking forward to… 与 Yours, Li Hua 不可遗漏。
6解答题
书面表达（应用文写作）
假设你是李华，你校英文社团将举办一场主题为"Smart Spending, Better Living"的理财分享会。请给你的英国笔友Chris写一封邀请信，内容包括：
1. 活动时间与地点：本周六下午3点，学校图书馆报告厅；
2. 活动内容：分享零花钱规划方法、记账技巧，并讨论"如何避免冲动消费"；
3. 说明他线上参加的方式，并请他提前告知是否参加。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Chris,
I'm writing to invite you to an online sharing session organized by our school English Club.
Yours,
Li Hua
答案：参考范文：
Dear Chris,
I'm writing to invite you to an online sharing session organized by our school English Club. Themed "Smart Spending, Better Living", it will be held in the lecture hall of our school library at 3 p.m. this Saturday.
During the session, senior students will share practical tips on planning pocket money and keeping a simple budget. We will also discuss how to avoid impulsive buying. Since you are in the UK, you can join us online through the meeting link we will send you beforehand. What you need to do is click on the link at the scheduled time and follow the instructions.
Looking forward to your reply. Please let me know in advance whether you can make it.
Yours,
Li Hua
作答要点提示：
1. 格式规范：开头Dear Chris，结尾Yours, Li Hua；
2. 开头使用I'm writing to...点明写信目的，结尾使用Looking forward to...表达期待；
3. 三个要点齐全：①时间地点（Saturday 3 p.m., school library lecture hall）；②活动内容（pocket money planning, budgeting, avoiding impulsive buying）；③线上参加方式 + 请提前告知是否参加；
4. 语言得体，分段清晰，词数100左右。
解析：本题考查应用文（书信类邀请信）写作，紧扣本册"应用文与读后续写"及考点"书信格式、常用句式"。评分关键：①格式（Dear + 称呼、正文分段、Yours + 署名）占基础分，格式不规范是最大易错点；②要点齐全，三个内容要点缺一不可，遗漏"线上参加方式"或"提前告知"会被扣要点分；③句式得体，运用I'm writing to...、Looking forward to...等高分句式；④衔接自然，可用Since、What you need to do is...等使行文连贯。易错点：把邀请信写成通知（缺称呼与落款）；只写活动内容却漏掉对收信人的具体行动要求；时态误用（活动安排用一般将来时/一般现在时表安排）。
7解答题
书面表达（提纲构思）
假定你是李华，你校英文报将开设一个名为 "Technology and Us" 的新栏目，向全校学生征集稿件。请你给英国朋友 Chris 写一封邮件，请他帮忙审阅你的投稿初稿。
写作背景与要求：你的初稿是一篇科技说明文，其中有一句长难句："Artificial intelligence, which is designed to simulate human intelligence, is revolutionizing industries by enabling machines to learn from vast amounts of data and make complex decisions." 你希望 Chris 帮你检查这句的结构是否清晰，并给出修改建议。
请按下列步骤完成本题：
Step 1：先用中文列出这封信的写作提纲，须包含以下要素：写信目的（I'm writing to…）、请求的具体内容、说明截稿日期（本周五）、表达期待（Looking forward to…）、结尾署名（Yours, Li Hua）。
Step 2：指出提纲中必须使用的两个高分句式。
Step 3：用英文写出这封信（词数 80 左右），格式规范，正文分段。
注意：1. 提纲可用中文；2. 邮件正文必须用英文；3. 书信格式完整。
答案：Step 1 参考提纲：
① 称呼：Dear Chris,
② 第一段（写信目的）：I'm writing to ask you a favor. 我校英文报开设 "Technology and Us" 栏目，我已投稿，想请你帮忙审阅初稿。
③ 第二段（请求具体内容）：初稿中有一句长难句 "Artificial intelligence, which is designed to simulate human intelligence, is revolutionizing industries…"，希望你检查其句子结构（非限制性定语从句是否用得清晰），并就表达给出修改建议。
④ 第三段（截稿时间 + 期待）：截稿日期为本周五，请在周四前回复；Looking forward to your reply.
⑤ 结尾署名：Yours, Li Hua
Step 2 必须使用的两个高分句式：
① I'm writing to ask you to…（说明写信目的）
② Looking forward to your early reply.（表达期待）
Step 3 参考范文：
Dear Chris,
I'm writing to ask you for a favor. Our school English newspaper is starting a new column called "Technology and Us", and I have submitted a draft of my article.
The draft is a short popular-science passage about artificial intelligence. One sentence worries me: "Artificial intelligence, which is designed to simulate human intelligence, is revolutionizing industries by enabling machines to learn from vast amounts of data and make complex decisions." Could you please check whether the structure of this sentence is clear, especially the non-restrictive attributive clause, and give me some advice on how to improve it?
The deadline is this Friday, so I would be grateful if you could reply before Thursday.
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
解析：本题是「列提纲 + 写书信」的变式组合，考查应用文格式与要点完整性。易错点有二：一是格式不规范，忘记写 "Dear Chris,"、结尾 "Yours, Li Hua"，或正文不分段；二是要点遗漏，只写「请帮我看看作文」而没有交代栏目名称、长难句的具体内容、截稿日期等关键信息。注意 Step 1 的提纲可用中文，但 Step 3 的邮件正文必须全部用英文；高分句式 I'm writing to… 与 Looking forward to… 必须出现。长难句分析只需点出 non-restrictive attributive clause（非限制性定语从句）这一结构功能，不必逐词翻译。
8解答题
书面表达（邀请信）
假定你是李华，你校英语社将举办一场题为 "AI and Our Future" 的读书分享会。请根据以下信息，给外教 Mr. Brown 写一封邀请信，邀请他担任评委并作简短发言。
已知信息：
· 时间：5 月 20 日（星期六）下午 2:30 — 5:00
· 地点：学校图书馆一楼报告厅
· 活动内容：8 名学生分享科技类英文读物；评委点评；自由交流
· 对 Mr. Brown 的请求：担任评委（judge），并对学生关于非限制性定语从句（non-restrictive attributive clause）的使用作 10 分钟点评
· 你的联系方式：期待他于 5 月 18 日前回复是否能出席
写作要求：
1. 内容须覆盖上述全部要点，可适当增加细节以使行文连贯；
2. 词数 100 左右；
3. 格式规范：开头 Dear Mr. Brown，正文分段，结尾 Yours, Li Hua；
4. 语言得体，符合邀请信的语气。
答案：参考范文：
Dear Mr. Brown,
I'm writing to invite you to be a judge at our English Club's reading-sharing session, themed "AI and Our Future".
The event will be held in the lecture hall on the first floor of the school library, from 2:30 p.m. to 5:00 p.m. on Saturday, May 20th. Eight students will share their favorite English books on science and technology, after which the judges will comment on their performance and we will have a free discussion. As our honored guest, we would be most grateful if you could serve as one of the judges and give a ten-minute comment on how to use non-restrictive attributive clauses properly in our presentations.
We are sure that your presence will make the activity more meaningful. Could you please let me know before May 18th whether you can come?
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
解析：本题为典型邀请信，考查格式规范与要点齐全。易错点：① 遗漏要点，例如只写时间地点却漏掉「10 分钟点评非限制性定语从句」这一具体请求，或漏掉「5 月 18 日前回复」的截止时间；② 格式不规范，忘记称呼 Dear Mr. Brown 或结尾 Yours, Li Hua，或正文写成一大段；③ 语气不当，邀请信应用委婉、礼貌的表达（We would be grateful if…, Could you please…），不宜用命令式；④ 高分句式 I'm writing to invite you to…、Looking forward to… 建议使用。所有要点须覆盖，可适当增加细节使行文连贯，但不得编造与已知信息矛盾的时间、地点。