全国卷 高三 英语（下册）词汇与短语强化专项练习

Read the following passage and the table below, then answer the question. Every spring, the town of Lin'an holds a Lantern Riddle Fair, an old tradition in which riddles are written on red lanterns and visitors try to solve them. To see how young people's interest in the fair has changed, the local cultural center surveyed 400 students in 2019 and again in 2024. The table shows the percentage of students who took part in each of four activities at the fair. Activity 2019 2024 ---------------------------- ---- ---- Solving lantern riddles 28% 46% Watching shadow-puppet plays 22% 20% Making paper-cuttings 15% 24% Buying traditional snacks 35% 10% Which of the following best summarizes the main trend shown in the table?

Read the following passage and answer the question. The idiom "to draw a snake and add feet" (画蛇添足) comes from an ancient story. On the one hand, the story warns us that adding unnecessary details can ruin a piece of work that is already complete. On the other hand, it reminds us that knowing when to stop is itself a kind of wisdom. How does the author develop the second sentence of the passage?

Read the following sentence from a science report and answer the question. "Artificial intelligence, which has its roots in the Latin word 'intelligere' meaning 'to understand,' is transforming the way museums protect cultural relics by enabling machines to recognize damaged characters on ancient silk manuscripts and restore them within hours." Which of the following best describes the grammatical function of the underlined clause "which has its roots in the Latin word 'intelligere' meaning 'to understand'"?

阅读下面短文，根据短文内容和括号内所给词的适当形式填空，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 Every Spring Festival, our town holds a lantern riddle contest, a tradition that dates back to the Song Dynasty. The organizers prepare hundreds of paper lanterns, each carrying a riddle that is both amusing and (challenge) ______. This year, my grandfather took me to the contest and told me a story about his own (child) ______. When he was twelve, he once tried to solve a riddle about a famous historical allusion but failed, because he had read too little and could not make the (connect) ______ between the clue and the story. He said that failure made him (patience) ______ than ever in reading. Later, he learned to study words by their roots and prefixes: knowing that "un-" means "not" and "-tion" turns a verb into a noun, he could often guess the meaning of a new word without (look) ______ it up in a dictionary. He also advised me to put every new word into a sentence so that it would be remembered in (real) ______ situations. Thanks to his (encourage) ______, I entered the contest this year and won a small prize. Now I believe that vocabulary learning is not (mere) ______ about spelling, but about understanding how words are built and how they are used.

阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 Last summer, my grandfather took me back to the small village where he was born. We sat under an old walnut tree, and he told me a story about a bronze bell that once hung in the village temple. "When I was a boy," he said, "the bell was rung every evening at dusk. Its sound traveled across the fields, and every family knew it was time to come home. Then the war came. The villagers buried the bell beneath the temple floor so that soldiers would not melt it down for weapons. For years, nobody spoke of it, because speaking of it might put the whole village in danger." Decades later, when the temple was repaired, workers uncovered the bell by accident. It was dark with dirt, but after it was cleaned, people found that its surface was still covered with fine patterns of clouds and cranes. My grandfather touched it gently and said, "Listen carefully. This bell is not just metal. It is the memory of a whole village." Now the bell hangs in the village museum. Few tourists notice it, but the old villagers still stop in front of it and stand there quietly for a long while. My grandfather visits it every time he returns to the village. He says that other bells may be louder, but none of them can replace this one. 1) Why did the villagers bury the bronze bell beneath the temple floor? 2) What does the grandfather mean by saying "This bell is not just metal"? 3) Based on the details in the story, explain in your own words what the bronze bell means to the old villagers. 作答要求：请用英文作答，每小题答案不超过 20 个单词。

阅读下面短文，根据括号内所给词的适当形式填空，使短文内容完整、语法正确。 Paper cutting is a traditional Chinese folk art with a long history. It is (1) ______ (wide) used during festivals such as the Spring Festival, when people paste red patterns on windows to bring good luck. The patterns are usually (2) ______ (create) with nothing more than a pair of scissors and a sheet of red paper. In a small town in Shanxi, there lives an old artist named Mr. Zhao. He has been making paper cuts for over fifty years. When he was young, he learned the skill from his mother, who was (3) ______ (know) throughout the village for her delicate work. Mr. Zhao says that the most difficult part is not the cutting itself, but (4) ______ (keep) the patterns both beautiful and meaningful. Every design he makes carries a certain (5) ______ (mean): fish stands for wealth, and the character "fu" stands for good fortune. In recent years, Mr. Zhao has been training young people in his workshop. He believes that (6) ______ (tradition) skills should be passed down from generation to generation, or they will be lost forever. 作答要求：请在答题处写出每个空格中单词的正确形式。

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 When I was fifteen, I joined the school storytelling club. One afternoon, our teacher asked us to retell the Chinese legend of Yu Gong, who kept moving mountains in spite of everyone's doubt. My classmate Li Ming began to laugh and whispered to the boy next to him, "He must be out of his mind." I could feel my face burn. I clenched my fists, took a deep breath, and then simply walked away without a word. That evening, I opened an old book of legends and read the story again. The words "constant dripping wears away a stone" caught my eye, and I suddenly realized that Yu Gong's strength lay not in his arms but in his will. From that day on, I stopped arguing with those who laughed at me and spent my time reading instead. Two months later, our teacher held a storytelling competition. When I told the story of Yu Gong on the stage, my voice was steady and my eyes were calm. Li Ming, sitting in the front row, listened in silence and, at the end, was the first to clap. 1. Why did the author clench his fists and take a deep breath? A. He was too frightened to speak. B. He was trying hard to control his emotions. C. He was ready to fight with Li Ming. D. He was completely indifferent to the laughter. 2. What can we infer about the author from the whole passage? A. He is calm, self-disciplined and determined. B. He is shy and afraid of facing others. C. He is stubborn and unwilling to change. D. He is cold-hearted and never forgives others. 3. What does the story of Yu Gong mainly teach the author? A. Strength comes from physical power. B. Patience and will can overcome difficulties. C. Silence is always the best answer to doubt. D. Storytelling is more useful than reading. 4. What is the main idea of the passage? A. How the author learned to analyze characters in legends. B. How a Chinese legend helped the author grow after being laughed at. C. Why some students laugh at their classmates in class. D. Why the school storytelling club is popular among students. 5. Which of the following best describes Li Ming at the end of the story? A. Admiring and respectful. B. Jealous and annoyed. C. Curious but indifferent. D. Regretful and embarrassed.

阅读下面短文，从七个选项中选出五个能填入文中空白处的最佳选项。注意：有两个多余选项。 Traditional Chinese culture offers many stories about memory and learning. One well-known legend tells of Kuang Heng, a poor boy in the Western Han Dynasty who could not afford oil for a lamp. 36 ______ He borrowed books from a rich neighbor and read them at night by the narrow beam of light. His story, "boring a hole in the wall to borrow light," has inspired Chinese students for over two thousand years. 37 ______ Later scholars developed various ways to help themselves remember what they read. Some copied texts by hand again and again; others recited classics aloud in the morning. Both methods forced the learner to focus on the material rather than skim it. Modern research supports part of this ancient wisdom. Studies show that breaking a long text into smaller sections helps the brain store information. Mnemonics, such as linking a new word to an old one, also work well. 38 ______ 39 ______ For example, when you meet the unfamiliar word "unforgettable," you can first break it into un- + forget + -able. Since un- means "not" and -able means "able to be," the word means "able to be remembered easily." Then put it into a sentence: "The performance was unforgettable." This way, the word is fixed in context, not just in a list. 40 ______ A. Remembering well is not a gift but a skill that can be trained. B. Therefore, combining root-and-affix analysis with real contexts is a powerful way to build vocabulary. C. Kuang Heng later became a famous official known for his honesty. D. So he dug a small hole in the wall of his room. E. In the Tang Dynasty, printing technology was invented and books became cheaper. F. These are only a few of the strategies that can help strengthen your memory. G. Besides, enough sleep before an exam allows the brain to organize what has been learned. 36–40 依次填入的最佳选项是哪五个？请写出每个空对应的字母，并说明选择依据。