1选择题
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
It was Saturday afternoon. The school basketball team was having its final practice before the city match. Leo was the point guard of the team. While he ______ the ball to his teammate, a heavy rainstorm started. The players had to stop training and run into the gym at once. When the rainstorm came, the coach was writing the match plan and the other boys were drinking water. Luckily, nobody got hurt.
- A. passed
- B. was passing
- C. passes
- D. is passing
答案：B
解析：本题考查 when/while 引导的时间状语从句与过去进行时的搭配。句首用 while，while 引导的从句通常接持续性动作，表示过去某一阶段正在进行的背景动作，因此从句谓语要用过去进行时 was/were + 现在分词。主语 Leo 是第三人称单数，be 动词用 was，pass 的现在分词是 passing，故填 was passing。后文 a heavy rainstorm started 是短暂动作，用一般过去时，正好符合「when 接短暂动作、while 接持续动作」的规律。易错点：①误选 A，把 while 从句当成一般过去时，忽略了 while 表背景持续动作；②误选 D，受中文「正在」影响用现在进行时，忘记主句是过去时；③was 与 were 混用，本题主语是单数 Leo，必须用 was。故选B。
2选择题
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Last term, Class 8 joined a "Healthy Life" project. The students decided to exercise for at least thirty minutes every day. Li Ming likes running, but he hurt his left leg last month. His doctor said he should not run again ______ his leg completely got well. Now Li Ming takes a walk with his parents after dinner instead. He hopes to take part in the school sports meeting next spring, so he never gives up exercising.
- A. because
- B. until
- C. when
- D. if
答案：B
解析：本题考查 until 引导的时间状语从句（not...until...「直到……才……」）以及与 when、because、if 的概念辨析。主句 he should not run again 是否定形式，与 until 连用构成 not...until...，表示「直到腿完全康复他才能再跑步」，语义和结构都成立。易错点：①误选 C，when 强调「当……时候」，不能表达「直到……才……」的逻辑；②误选 A，because 表原因，与「腿完全好了」之间的逻辑是时间而非原因；③误选 D，if 表条件「如果」，句意变成「如果腿好了就不能跑」，逻辑矛盾。做题突破口是先看主句动词是否为否定形式，再判断前后分句的时间逻辑。故选B。
3选择题
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Last Saturday our class had a basketball match against Class 3. It started at 2:30 p.m. and it was really exciting. At 3:10 p.m., our team was winning by two points. At that moment, Li Ming was running towards the basket with the ball. Just then, a heavy rainstorm came. While the players were hurrying to the playground gate, the lights in the gym went out. Our head teacher, Mr. Wang, was talking on the phone with the school office at that time. Ten minutes later, everyone was safe in the classroom and the match had to be put off.
Which of the following sentences correctly describes what was happening when the rainstorm came?
- A. Li Ming was running towards the basket with the ball.
- B. Li Ming ran towards the basket with the ball.
- C. The players were hurrying to the gate after the storm started.
- D. Mr. Wang talked on the phone after the storm started.
答案：A
解析：本题考查过去进行时与一般过去时的辨析，以及 when/while 的时间逻辑。题干问的是暴风雨来临那一刻（at that moment）正在进行的动作，因此要用过去进行时 was/were + doing。原文明确说 "At that moment, Li Ming was running towards the basket with the ball."，故 A 正确。B 用了一般过去时 ran，只表示过去的短暂动作，不能表示"当时正在进行"，是常见错误。C 虽然用了过去进行时，但 players were hurrying 发生在暴风雨"之后"（While the players were hurrying...），时间关系与题干 when the rainstorm came 不符。D 同理，Mr. Wang was talking 是当时的状态，但题干问的是暴风雨来时那一刻的主动作，且时态表述为 talked 也错。易错点：一是把 when 后接的短暂动作（came）与主句的持续动作（was running）颠倒；二是看到过去时间就一律用一般过去时。故选 A。
4填空题
根据短文内容，用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。
Nowadays many students are too busy to exercise. In fact, doing sports is important for our health. Last Friday afternoon, our P.E. teacher asked us ______ (run) for ten minutes before class. While some students ______ (play) basketball on the playground, Tom suddenly fell down and hurt ______ (he). At that time, I ______ (read) a book under the tree. When I saw him, I ran over at once. "You ______ (should) warm up before sports," the teacher said to him. "And I think you ______ (could) put some medicine on the cut if it is not serious." ______ Tom is very young, he knows how to look after himself.
注意：每空一词或括号内所给词的适当形式。
答案：1. to run
2. were playing
3. himself
4. was reading
5. should
6. could
7. Although
解析参考：
1. asked us to run：ask sb. to do sth.，动词不定式作宾语补足语。
2. were playing：while 引导的时间状语从句表示过去某段时间内持续进行的动作，主语 some students 为复数，用 were + 现在分词。
3. himself：hurt oneself，主语 Tom 是男性，用反身代词 himself。
4. was reading：at that time 提示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，主语 I 用 was + 现在分词。
5. should：表示"应该"，说明热身的必要性。
6. could：表示"可以"，语气较委婉，用于提出建议。
7. Although：前后为让步关系，意为"虽然 Tom 很小，但他懂得照顾自己"。
解析：本题综合考查过去进行时、不定式作宾补、反身代词、should/could 表建议以及 although 引导让步状语从句，属于概念辨析题。易错点：
① 第 2 空和第 4 空都考过去进行时，学生容易误用一般过去时（played / read），判断依据是 while 和 at that time 这类表示"过去某段时间/某一时刻正在进行"的提示词；同时第 2 空主语是复数 some students，必须用 were，不能用 was。
② 第 1 空容易受 make/let/have 等使役动词影响误写为 ran 或 running，ask sb. to do 结构中 to 不可省略。
③ 第 3 空 hurt oneself 中反身代词易漏写或误写为 him。
④ 第 5、6 空容易全部用 should，需区分 should（应该，表必要性）与 could（可以，表委婉建议）。
⑤ 第 7 空容易受中文"虽然……但是……"影响误填 Although...but 或直接填 but；although 与 but 不能在同一句中连用。
5解答题
根据括号内所给词的适当形式填空，使句子完整、正确。
Last Saturday afternoon, our school basketball team was having a hard training match on the playground. At 3:30 p.m., Li Ming ______ (shoot) at the basket while his teammates ______ (run) around the court. Suddenly, a strong wind came and the rainstorm started. At that moment, everyone ______ (stop) playing and hurried to the gym. On the way, Wang Tao fell down and hurt ______ (he), so we took him to the school doctor at once. To keep fit, we made a new training plan ______ (help) ourselves exercise safely in bad weather.
答案：1. was shooting 2. were running 3. stopped 4. himself 5. to help
完整句子：Last Saturday afternoon, our school basketball team was having a hard training match on the playground. At 3:30 p.m., Li Ming was shooting at the basket while his teammates were running around the court. Suddenly, a strong wind came and the rainstorm started. At that moment, everyone stopped playing and hurried to the gym. On the way, Wang Tao fell down and hurt himself, so we took him to the school doctor at once. To keep fit, we made a new training plan to help ourselves exercise safely in bad weather.
解析：本题综合考查过去进行时、一般过去时、反身代词与不定式作目的状语，均为本册重点。
1. 空1、空2：时间状语 At 3:30 p.m. 是过去具体时刻，while 引导的从句表示持续动作，故用过去进行时 was/were + doing。Li Ming 是单数主语，用 was shooting；teammates 是复数主语，用 were running。易错点：一是 was/were 与主语单复数搭配错误；二是漏掉 be 动词，直接写 shooting/running；三是现在分词拼写错误（shoot→shooting，双写 t 不需要，但 run→running 需双写 n）。
2. 空3：Suddenly 和 at that moment 表示雨暴突然发生后动作完成，强调“停下了”这一过去的事实，用一般过去时 stopped。易错点：看到 at that moment 就一律用过去进行时，忽略此处动作已完成。
3. 空4：hurt oneself 是固定搭配，主语 Wang Tao 与宾语指同一人，用反身代词 himself。易错点：误用宾格 him，或拼成 themself（正确形式为 themselves）。
4. 空5：制订计划的目的是帮助我们安全锻炼，表示“为了……”用动词不定式作目的状语 to help。易错点：误用 helping（动名词）或 by helping（表方式而非目的）。
解题突破口：抓住过去时间点判断过去进行时，抓住“动作是否作用于主语自身”判断反身代词，抓住“做这件事是为了什么”判断不定式作目的状语。
6解答题
按要求完成下列各题，每空一词。
1. I was cleaning the sports room at 5:00 yesterday afternoon.（对画线部分 at 5:00 yesterday afternoon 提问）
______ ______ you ______ at 5:00 yesterday afternoon?
2. The students were playing football on the playground. The rainstorm came.（用 while 把两个句子合并为一句）
The students were playing football on the playground ______ the rainstorm came.
3. Tom was riding his bike to the gym when the rain started.（用 while 改写句子，保持意思基本不变）
Tom was riding his bike to the gym ______ the rain ______.
4. He is too young to join the school basketball team.（改为同义句）
He is ______ young ______ he can't join the school basketball team.
5. You will be in good shape ______ you exercise regularly and eat healthily.（用 unless 或合适连接词填空，使句意通顺）
答案：1. What; were; doing 2. when 3. while; started 4. so; that 5. unless
完整句子：
1. What were you doing at 5:00 yesterday afternoon?
2. The students were playing football on the playground when the rainstorm came.
3. Tom was riding his bike to the gym while the rain started.（也可理解为 while the rain was starting，但按基础题意用一般过去时 started 表短暂动作）
4. He is so young that he can't join the school basketball team.
5. You will be in good shape unless you exercise regularly and eat healthily.
解析：本题聚焦过去进行时的句式变换、when/while 的辨析、too...to... 与 so...that... 的转换，以及 unless 条件状语从句，均属本册易混概念。
1. 对过去进行时的“正在进行的动作”提问用 What were/ was ... doing?，主语 you 对应 were：What were you doing...? 易错点：误写 What did you do（变成一般过去时，问的是“做了什么”而非“当时正在做什么”）。
2. when 引导时间状语从句，后接短暂动作 came；主句用过去进行时（were playing）表示背景持续动作。易错点：此处把 when 与 while 用反，写成 while the rainstorm came，因为 came 是短暂动作，不能用 while（while 后接持续动作）。
3. while 后接持续动作或与过去进行时连用，强调“在……期间”。改写时把 when 引导的短暂动作句改为 while 从句，注意从句动词时态：the rain started（一般过去时，表突发动作）或 the rain was starting。基础填空按 started 给分。易错点：while 后误用现在分词或漏掉主句 be 动词。
4. too...to...（太……而不能……）＝ so...that...（否定句）（如此……以至于不能……）。答案 so; that。易错点：漏掉 that，或写成 such...that（such 后接名词）。
5. unless ＝ if...not（除非），主句用肯定形式表示“只要……就……”，从句不用将来时。易错点：误填 if，或在 unless 从句中用 will exercise（应为一般现在时 exercise）。
解题突破口：先判断动作是“正在进行”还是“已完成”，再判断 when/while 后接短暂动作还是持续动作，最后用句式转换公式核对结构。
7解答题
阅读下面短文，用括号内所给词的适当形式填空，使短文意思完整、语法正确。
Our school held a sports meeting last Friday. The playground was very noisy at 9:30 a.m. The boys' 800-meter race (1) ______ (start) while the girls (2) ______ (prepare) for the high jump. Li Lei was running so fast (3) ______ he broke the school record. Just as he crossed the finishing line, the rain (4) ______ (begin) to fall. He was so tired (5) ______ he could hardly stand still. He sat down on the grass as soon as he (6) ______ (take) off his shoes. Many students were cheering when the teacher came over. The teacher said, "You should drink some water (7) ______ you can get your energy back soon." Li Lei smiled and thanked everyone.
答案：(1) started (2) were preparing (3) that (4) began (5) that (6) took (7) so that
解析：本题综合考查过去进行时、一般过去时、when/while/as soon as 引导的时间状语从句，以及 so...that... 与 so that 的辨析，全部落在体育运动与健康生活情境中。
(1) while 引导的从句动作(prepare)在持续进行，主句动作(start)是插入的短暂动作，故主句用一般过去时 started；(2) while 后接持续动作，且主语 the girls 为复数，故用 were preparing，这是 was/were 与主语数一致的典型考查点；(3) so + 副词 fast + that 引导结果状语从句；(4) when 引导短暂动作，用一般过去时 began；(5) so + 形容词 tired + that；(6) as soon as 引导的从句与主句均表示过去先后发生的动作，都用一般过去时 took，不可用将来时；(7) "so that + 情态动词 can + 动词原形" 表目的，与 so...that...（结果）区别开。
易错点：①在 while 从句里误用一般过去时，或在 when 从句里误用过去进行时；②把 started 写成 was starting，颠倒了"背景持续动作"与"短暂插入动作"；③把 so that 写成 so...that，或漏写 so；④在 as soon as 从句里误用 will take。
8解答题
根据括号内的提示和上下文，完成下列句子。每空一词。
1. 昨天晚上八点钟，我正在为篮球赛做准备，这时灯突然灭了。（用过去进行时翻译）
I ______ ______ for the basketball match at eight last night when the lights suddenly went out.
2. 妈妈一回到家，就开始为我准备营养餐。（用 as soon as 翻译）
______ ______ ______ my mother came home, she began to prepare a healthy meal for me.
3. 这项运动如此有趣，以至于全班同学都想参加。（用 so...that... 翻译）
The sport is ______ interesting ______ the whole class wants to take part in it.
4. 我每天坚持跑步，为的是我能保持健康。（用 so that 翻译）
I keep running every day ______ ______ I can stay in good health.
答案：1. was preparing
2. As soon as
3. so; that
4. so that
解析：本题以"体育运动与健康生活"为情境，集中辨析四组易混概念：过去进行时(was/were + doing)、as soon as、so...that...、so that。
1. 时间状语 at eight last night 明确指向过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，主语 I 为单数，故用 was preparing；易错：写成 was prepare、prepare 或 was preparing 中漏掉 was。
2. "一……就……"用 As soon as，首字母大写；易错：与 when 混淆，或写成 So soon as。
3. 中心词 interesting 是形容词，用 so + adj. + that；易错：误用 such interesting that（such 后接名词），或误写成 so that（目的）。
4. 后半句 "I can stay in good health" 是前面跑步的目的，用 so that 引导目的状语从句，从句用 can + 动词原形；易错：写成 so...that（结果）或漏写 so。
作答时务必先判断前后分句是"行动—目的"关系还是"原因—结果"关系，再决定用 so that 还是 so...that...。