1选择题
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Our school held a 5-kilometer health run last Friday. To make sure everyone stayed safe, the P.E. teachers prepared water and first-aid kits early in the morning. By the time the students arrived at the playground at 7:30, the teachers had already put up the starting line and checked the whole route twice. The race started at 8:00. Li Ming had finished breakfast before his alarm rang, so he felt strong during the run. He crossed the finishing line at 8:26. By the time the last runner reached the end at 9:10, the school doctor had taken care of two students who had fallen down on the wet road.
According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?
- A. The teachers put up the starting line after the students arrived.
- B. The students arrived at the playground before the teachers had checked the route.
- C. Li Ming finished breakfast before his alarm rang.
- D. Three students fell down on the wet road during the run.
答案：C
解析：本题考查材料信息提取与过去完成时（had + 过去分词）的理解。根据短文“Li Ming had finished breakfast before his alarm rang”可知C项正确。A项与原文“By the time the students arrived... the teachers had already put up the starting line”矛盾（老师先布置，学生后到）。B项同样错误，路线在学生到达前已检查两次。D项原文只说两名学生摔倒（two students），属数字干扰。易错点：学生只看到before就误以为动作先后颠倒，须牢记过去完成时表示“过去的过去”，had + 过去分词的动作发生在一般过去时动作之前。故选C。
2选择题
Read the notice below and choose the best answer.
Healthy Life Week (May 6–May 12)
Our school has kept a “Healthy Life Week” tradition for six years. This year, more than 400 students have joined the morning jogging club since March. On Monday, Mr. Wang gave a talk on sleep and exercise. By the time the talk ended at 4:30 p.m., most students had written down at least three useful tips in their notebooks. On Wednesday, the sports club will open a new basketball course. Students who love team sports can sign up before Friday.
Which sentence below uses the past perfect tense correctly?
- A. By the time the talk ended, most students wrote down three tips.
- B. By the time the talk ended, most students had written down three tips.
- C. By the time the talk ended, most students have written down three tips.
- D. By the time the talk ended, most students had wrote down three tips.
答案：B
解析：本题专考by the time引导时间状语从句与过去完成时的搭配。主句动作“写下提示”发生在从句动作“演讲结束”之前，属于“过去的过去”，结构为had + 过去分词，故应用had written down。A项误用一般过去时，无法体现动作先后；C项误用现在完成时have written，与过去时间by the time不搭配；D项had后误接动词原形/过去式wrote，属had用错的典型错误。易错点：一是混淆一般过去时与过去完成时，二是had后必须接过去分词written。故选B。
3选择题
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
To keep fit, our class started a "Healthy Life" project this term. We made a survey about the daily exercise habits of 200 students in Grade 9. Here is what we found:
Exercise time per day Number of students Feelings after exercise
--------------------- ------------------ ----------------------------
Less than 30 minutes 80 Often tired and sleepy
30 to 60 minutes 90 Relaxed and energetic
More than 60 minutes 30 Sometimes too tired to study
By the time we collected all the questionnaires last Friday, most of the students had realized that running and jumping rope were the easiest sports to do. What surprised us was that 45% of the students said loud music made them feel tired quickly, while soft music made them exercise longer. Our P.E. teacher said we are supposed to exercise for about 45 minutes every day, and we are not supposed to stay up late playing computer games. He also told us, "A healthy diet is as important as exercise."
According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?
- A. More than half of the students exercised for more than 60 minutes every day.
- B. Students who exercised for 30 to 60 minutes usually felt relaxed and energetic.
- C. Loud music helped most students exercise for a longer time.
- D. The P.E. teacher advised students to stay up late to play computer games.
答案：B
解析：本题以班级“健康生活”项目调查数据为情境，考查学生从表格与文字材料中提取、分析信息的能力。A项：表格显示每天运动超过60分钟的只有30人，占300人中…实为200人中的30人（15%），远不足一半，错误。B项：表格第二行明确显示每天运动30至60分钟的90人“Relaxed and energetic”，与选项表述一致，正确。C项：文中说45%的学生觉得 loud music makes them feel tired quickly，恰恰相反，错误。D项：老师说 we are not supposed to stay up late playing computer games，选项与文意相悖，错误。故选B。易错点：① 未看清表格中的人数数据而主观臆断；② 忽略否定词 not supposed to，把“不应当”误读为“应当”；③ 混淆 loud music 与 soft music 对运动状态的影响。
4选择题
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Last Saturday our school held a 1,000-meter race on the playground. The race was supposed to start at 8:30 a.m. However, by the time most runners got to the starting line, the whistle ________ already ________. So the teacher asked them to join the next group.
- A. had; blown
- B. did; blow
- C. has; blown
- D. was; blowing
答案：A
解析：本题考查过去完成时。句中 by the time 引导的时间状语从句用了一般过去时 got，表示过去的某个时间点；主句要表达的是“在他们到达起点之前，哨声已经吹响了”，属于“过去的过去”，故主句用过去完成时 had + 过去分词。blow 的过去分词是 blown，所以应填 had blown。B 项是一般过去时，只表示过去发生的动作，无法体现“已经吹响在先”；C 项现在完成时不能与过去的 by the time 从句搭配；D 项过去进行时强调过去某一时刻正在进行，与 already 语义不符。易错点：看到 already 就机械选用现在完成时，忽略 by the time 从句已经把时间拉到过去。故选A。
5填空题
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。
Last Saturday our school held a 5-kilometer running race in the city park. By the time I (1) ________ (arrive) at the starting line, the first group of runners (2) ________ already (leave). My friend Li Ming told me that he (3) ________ (wait) there since 7:00 a.m., and that the coach (4) ________ (give) us some warm-up exercises before I came. I felt a little nervous because the other runners (5) ________ (train) for the race for two months, but I had only started practicing three weeks ago. Before the race began, our P.E. teacher said, "Running is a good way to keep healthy. You are supposed (6) ________ (drink) enough water after the race, and you should not make (7) ________ (you) too tired." To our surprise, the youngest runner, Wang Tao, (8) ________ (win) the first prize. He looked very (9) ________ (excite) while the losers seemed (10) ________ (disappoint). I think sports make our school life more colorful.
答案：(1) arrived (2) had; left (3) had been waiting / had waited (4) had given (5) had trained (6) to drink (7) yourself / yourselves (8) won (9) excited (10) disappointed
解析：本题以校园5公里跑步比赛为情境，综合考查过去完成时及本册高频语法点。(1) by the time 引导的时间状语从句中，从句用一般过去时 arrived，主句表示“过去的过去”，故用 had left；(2)(4)(5) 均为“过去的过去”，用 had + 过去分词。(3) since 7:00 a.m. 表示从过去某时持续到另一过去时间，可用过去完成进行时 had been waiting，或用 had waited 强调已完成的动作。(6) be supposed to do 固定搭配，to 后接动词原形 drink，易错点是误写成 drinking。(7) make + 宾语 + 形容词结构，此处反身代词与主语 you 一致，用 yourself（或 yourselves）。(8)(9)(10) 为一般过去时与 -ed/-ing 形容词辨析：人感到兴奋用 excited，事物令人兴奋用 exciting；感到失望用 disappointed。易错点：① by the time 从句误用过去完成时，主从句时态颠倒；② 把 be supposed to 中的 to 当作不定式符号而误接动名词；③ 混淆 excited 与 exciting、disappointed 与 disappointing。
6解答题
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，用括号内所给词的适当形式填空，使短文完整、通顺。
Yesterday our school held its annual Sports and Health Day. Tom got up very late. By the time he (1) ________ (arrive) at the sports ground, the 400-meter race (2) ________ (begin). He felt sorry, but his teacher told him that his class team (3) ________ (win) two gold medals before he came. To his surprise, the school doctor said that the drinking water (4) ________ (prepare) by the students' union the night before, so everyone could get clean water in time. Tom decided that he would never be late again and that he would train harder before next year's sports meeting.
答案：(1) arrived；(2) had begun；(3) had won；(4) had been prepared。
解析：本题考查过去完成时与一般过去时的区分，以及过去完成时的被动语态。(1) by the time 引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时 arrived，表示过去的参照点。(2) 比赛在到达之前已经开始，属“过去的过去”，用 had begun（begin–began–begun，注意过去分词易写错）。(3) 获奖发生在 came 之前，用 had won。(4) 水是 prepare 的承受者，且发生在“the night before”这一过去时间之前，故用过去完成时的被动语态 had been prepared，容易漏写 been 或误写成 prepared。易错点：把 had 结构误写成 has；把过去完成时误用为一般过去时；不规则动词过去分词写错。
7解答题
假如你是李华，你校英文报正在举办主题为 "A Healthy Life, A Happy School" 的征文活动，请你根据下面表格中的调查数据，用英语写一篇短文，介绍你班同学的运动与健康生活习惯，并谈谈你的建议。注意：1. 词数 80 左右；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
已知信息：某班 50 名同学每日运动时间调查（单位：人）
每日运动时间 不足 30 分钟 30—60 分钟 1 小时以上
------------ ------------ ---------- ----------
人数 18 22 10
另外，据体育老师介绍，到上学期结束时，全班已有一半同学养成了每天锻炼的习惯；而在上学期开学初，坚持锻炼的同学还不到 10 人。
答案：示例：
A Healthy Life, A Happy School
Recently our class did a survey on daily exercise. Out of 50 students, 18 exercise less than 30 minutes a day, 22 spend 30 to 60 minutes, and only 10 exercise more than one hour. Our P.E. teacher told us that by the end of last term, half of the class had formed the habit of exercising every day, while at the beginning of last term fewer than 10 students had kept exercising regularly.
I think we should exercise at least one hour every day and say no to junk food. As the saying goes, "Health is wealth." Let's take action now!
解析：本题为材料分析型写作，要求从表格数据和文字材料中提取信息，并正确使用过去完成时。写作要点：1) 用英语准确描述表格三组数据（18/22/10）；2) 用过去完成时描述“过去的过去”——by the end of last term 之前已完成的养成习惯、at the beginning of last term 之前坚持锻炼的人数（had formed / had kept）；3) 给出健康生活建议并使用较高级词汇（如 form the habit of、keep exercising regularly、take action）。易错点：数据表达与原文不符；时态误用为一般过去时或现在完成时；中式英语（如 "do exercise everyday"）；字数不足或缺少建议部分。
8解答题
根据短文内容，用括号内所给词的适当形式填空，并回答问题。
Li Hua loves running and he wants to take part in the city marathon in May. To get ready, he joined a running club in March. He trained hard every morning before breakfast. Last Sunday the club held a 5-kilometer practice race. Li Hua got up very early, but when he arrived at the park, all the other members ________ (leave). He felt a little sorry. Then the coach told him, "Don't worry. If you ________ (keep) training like this, you will finish the marathon easily." Li Hua smiled and decided to work even harder.
1. 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空（每空一词）。
2. Why did Li Hua feel sorry when he arrived at the park?
3. 请用过去完成时写一句话，描述一件你在过去某一时间之前已经完成的事情（不少于8个单词）。
答案：1. had left; keep
2. Because when he got to the park, all the other members had already left, so he missed the practice race with them.
3. 示例：By the time I got to the gym, my friends had already started the basketball game.（答案不唯一，只要使用 had + 过去分词表示“过去的过去”且语义通顺即可。）
解析：第1空考查过去完成时：when 引导的时间状语从句 arrived 为一般过去时，主句表示在他到达之前其他成员“已经离开”，属于过去的过去，故用 had left。易错点：误用 have left（现在完成时）或 left（一般过去时），忽略 by the time / when + 一般过去时这一时间标志。第2空考查 if 引导的条件状语从句：主句用了 will finish 表将来，if 从句须用一般现在时表将来，故填 keep。易错点：误填 will keep，忘记“主将从现”。第2问为信息提取题，答案须来自短文事实；第3问为开放题，重点检查是否使用 had + 过去分词并符合时序逻辑，若只写一般过去时（如 I played basketball yesterday）则不得分。