1选择题
The news ______ he won the first prize in the competition excited all of us.
- A. which
- B. what
- C. that
- D. whether
答案：C
解析：本题考查名词性从句中的同位语从句。从句"he won the first prize in the competition"是解释说明"news"的内容，且从句成分完整，不缺主语、宾语，故用that引导。易错点：容易与定语从句混淆，误选A。
2选择题
It is required that every student ______ a foreign language before graduation.
- A. learns
- B. learn
- C. must learn
- D. learned
答案：B
解析：本题考查虚拟语气。在“It is required/demanded/suggested... that...”句型中，that从句要用“(should) + 动词原形”的虚拟语气。易错点：受主句时态影响，误选A或D。
3选择题
The bridge ______ next year will be the longest one in the province.
- A. built
- B. being built
- C. to be built
- D. building
答案：C
解析：本题考查非谓语动词作定语。根据时间状语“next year”可知动作尚未发生，应用不定式表示将来。易错点：误选B，being built表示正在进行，与将来时间矛盾。
4选择题
I wish I ______ longer this morning, but I had to get up and attend a meeting.
- A. could have slept
- B. slept
- C. might have slept
- D. have slept
答案：A
解析：本题考查虚拟语气。wish后的宾语从句，表示与过去事实相反的愿望，用“could have done”结构。易错点：误选C，might have done表示对过去可能性的推测，而非虚拟。
5选择题
The reason ______ he was absent from the meeting was ______ his car broke down on the way.
- A. why; that
- B. that; because
- C. for which; that
- D. which; that
答案：A
解析：本题综合考查定语从句和名词性从句。第一空是定语从句，先行词reason在从句中作状语，用why或for which；第二空是表语从句，说明原因，用that引导。易错点：第二空误选because，表语从句一般不用because引导。
6填空题
It's high time that we ______ (take) measures to protect the environment.
答案：took
解析：本题考查虚拟语气。在“It's (high/about) time that...”句型中，从句谓语动词用一般过去时或“should + 动词原形”（should不可省略）。易错点：误用一般现在时或现在完成时。
7填空题
The problem ______ we should turn to for help is still under discussion.
答案：whom
解析：本题考查定语从句。先行词是the problem，但关系词在从句中作turn to的宾语，指代人，故用whom。易错点：误用which或that，忽略从句中缺少的是指人的宾语。
8填空题
The book ______ (write) by the famous scientist is popular among young readers.
答案：written
解析：本题考查非谓语动词作定语。动词write与逻辑主语The book之间是被动关系，且动作已完成，应用过去分词written作后置定语，相当于定语从句which was written。易错点：误用writing，表示主动或正在进行。