1选择题
The news ________ the team had won the championship excited everyone in the school.
- A. which
- B. what
- C. that
- D. whether
答案：C
解析：本题考查同位语从句。分析句子结构可知，"the news"后需要一个从句来解释其内容，且从句成分完整，故用that引导。易错点：学生可能误选which，但which在名词性从句中需作成分，此处不适用。
2选择题
It is required that every student ________ a foreign language before graduation.
- A. learns
- B. learn
- C. learned
- D. will learn
答案：B
解析：本题考查虚拟语气。在“It is required/demanded/ordered... that...”结构中，主语从句要用“(should) + 动词原形”的虚拟语气。易错点：学生容易受主语every student影响而用第三人称单数形式learns。
3选择题
The bridge ________ last year has greatly improved the traffic in the area.
- A. building
- B. built
- C. to be built
- D. being built
答案：B
解析：本题考查非谓语动词作定语。分析句子结构，The bridge与build之间是被动关系，且动作已完成，故用过去分词built作后置定语。易错点：学生可能误选A或D，但A表主动或进行，D表正在进行的被动，均不符合语境。
4选择题
I wish I ________ longer this morning, but I had to get up and attend a meeting.
- A. could sleep
- B. slept
- C. have slept
- D. could have slept
答案：D
解析：本题考查虚拟语气。wish后的宾语从句表示与过去事实相反的愿望，应用“could have + 过去分词”结构。易错点：学生可能误选A（could sleep），但could sleep通常用于表示对现在或将来的虚拟。
5填空题
The reason ________ he was absent from the meeting was ________ his car broke down on the way.
答案：why; that
解析：本题综合考查定语从句和表语从句。第一空，先行词reason在定语从句中作原因状语，故用why引导；第二空，表语从句解释reason的内容，且从句成分完整，故用that引导。易错点：学生可能将第一空误填为that或for which，或将第二空误填为because。
6填空题
________ (not receive) a reply, he decided to write another letter to the company.
答案：Not having received
解析：本题考查非谓语动词作状语。he与receive是主动关系，且“未收到回信”发生在“决定写信”之前，故用现在分词的完成否定式Not having received。易错点：学生可能误用Not receiving，忽略动作的先后顺序。
7解答题
请用定语从句或名词性从句完成句子：
1. 这就是我昨天买的那本书。
2. 他是否能按时完成任务还不确定。
答案：1. This is the book (that/which) I bought yesterday.
2. Whether he can finish the task on time is uncertain. / It is uncertain whether he can finish the task on time.
解析：第1题考查限制性定语从句，先行词the book在从句中作宾语，可用that/which引导（可省略）。第2题考查主语从句，表示“是否”的含义，应用whether引导。易错点：第1题学生可能误用what；第2题学生可能误用if（if不能引导位于句首的主语从句）。
8解答题
请根据提示，用虚拟语气改写句子：
原句：He didn't take the doctor's advice, so he is still suffering from the illness.
改写：If he ________ the doctor's advice, he ________ from the illness now.
答案：had taken; would not be suffering
解析：本题考查混合虚拟语气（条件句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反）。条件句表示与过去相反的事实，用had done；主句表示与现在相反的事实，用would be doing。易错点：学生可能将主句写成would not have suffered，忽略now暗示的与现在事实相反。