1选择题
The project ______ by the team last month was a great success, which made us all proud.
- A. to complete
- B. completed
- C. completing
- D. having completed
答案：B
解析：本题考查非谓语动词作定语的用法。句意为“上个月由团队完成的项目取得了巨大成功，这让我们所有人都感到自豪。”分析句子结构，空格处作后置定语修饰名词“The project”，且“The project”与动词“complete”之间为被动关系（项目被完成），同时句中有明确的过去时间状语“last month”，因此应使用过去分词“completed”表示被动和完成。A项不定式表将来或目的，C项现在分词表主动或进行，D项完成式现在分词表主动且先于谓语动词发生，均不符合语境。故选B。
2选择题
It is required that every student ______ the school rules strictly.
- A. obeys
- B. obey
- C. obeying
- D. will obey
答案：B
解析：本题考查虚拟语气在“It is required/demanded/ordered... that...”主语从句中的用法。在表示建议、要求、命令等动词的过去分词（如required, suggested, ordered等）后接的that从句中，谓语动词应用“should + 动词原形”，should可以省略。因此，此处应使用动词原形“obey”。A项为第三人称单数形式，C项为现在分词，D项为一般将来时，均不符合虚拟语气要求。故选B。
3选择题
______ in the countryside, the old man found it hard to get used to the busy life in the city.
- A. Brought up
- B. Bringing up
- C. To bring up
- D. Having brought up
答案：A
解析：本题考查非谓语动词作状语的用法。句意为“在乡下被抚养长大，这位老人发现很难适应城市繁忙的生活。”分析句子结构，空格处作原因状语，其逻辑主语是句子的主语“the old man”。主语“the old man”与动词“bring up”（抚养）之间是被动关系（老人被抚养长大），且该动作发生在谓语动词“found”之前，因此应使用过去分词“Brought up”表示被动和完成。B项现在分词表主动，C项不定式表目的或将来，D项完成式现在分词表主动，均不符合逻辑。故选A。
4选择题
The reason ______ he was absent from the meeting was ______ his car broke down on the way.
- A. why; that
- B. that; why
- C. why; because
- D. for which; why
答案：A
解析：本题考查定语从句和表语从句。第一空引导定语从句，先行词是“The reason”，在从句中作状语，表示“缺席的原因”，因此可以用关系副词“why”或“for which”。第二空引导表语从句，说明“缺席”的原因，从句成分完整，意思为“他的车在路上抛锚了”，因此应用“that”引导（在口语中“because”有时也可用，但正式语法中“that”更规范）。B项“that”引导定语从句时在从句中作主语或宾语，此处不适用；C项“because”引导表语从句时，主语通常为“it”或“this/that”，且与前面的“The reason”重复；D项“for which”虽可引导定语从句，但第二空“why”引导表语从句不符合习惯用法。故选A。
5阅读理解题
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
The invention of the smartphone has changed the way we communicate, work, and entertain ourselves. With a smartphone in hand, we can access the internet, send emails, take photos, and even make payments. However, some people argue that smartphones have made us less social. They say that people are often glued to their screens, ignoring the people around them.
On the other hand, supporters of smartphones believe that these devices actually help us stay connected. Through social media apps, we can keep in touch with friends and family who live far away. Video calls allow us to see and hear each other in real time, making long-distance communication more personal.
Despite the debate, one thing is clear: smartphones have become an essential part of modern life. They have made many tasks easier and more efficient. For example, students can use educational apps to learn new subjects, and professionals can manage their work schedules on the go.
In conclusion, while smartphones may have some negative effects on face-to-face interactions, their benefits in terms of convenience and connectivity are undeniable. It is up to each individual to use them wisely and maintain a healthy balance between the virtual and real worlds.
What is the main idea of the passage?
- A. Smartphones have completely replaced traditional communication methods.
- B. Smartphones have both positive and negative impacts on our lives.
- C. Smartphones are only useful for entertainment purposes.
- D. Smartphones have made people more social than before.
答案：B
解析：本题考查主旨大意。文章第一段提到智能手机改变了我们的生活，但也有人认为它让我们社交减少；第二段提到支持者认为它帮助我们保持联系；第三段提到它已成为现代生活不可或缺的一部分；最后一段总结指出虽然它可能对面对面互动有负面影响，但其便利性和连接性的好处不可否认。因此，文章的主旨是智能手机对我们生活既有积极影响也有消极影响。A项“完全取代”过于绝对；C项“仅用于娱乐”片面；D项“让人们更社交”与文中“less social”的观点矛盾。故选B。
6阅读理解题
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
The invention of the smartphone has changed the way we communicate, work, and entertain ourselves. With a smartphone in hand, we can access the internet, send emails, take photos, and even make payments. However, some people argue that smartphones have made us less social. They say that people are often glued to their screens, ignoring the people around them.
On the other hand, supporters of smartphones believe that these devices actually help us stay connected. Through social media apps, we can keep in touch with friends and family who live far away. Video calls allow us to see and hear each other in real time, making long-distance communication more personal.
Despite the debate, one thing is clear: smartphones have become an essential part of modern life. They have made many tasks easier and more efficient. For example, students can use educational apps to learn new subjects, and professionals can manage their work schedules on the go.
In conclusion, while smartphones may have some negative effects on face-to-face interactions, their benefits in terms of convenience and connectivity are undeniable. It is up to each individual to use them wisely and maintain a healthy balance between the virtual and real worlds.
According to the passage, what is one advantage of smartphones mentioned?
- A. They make people less dependent on each other.
- B. They help people manage their work schedules easily.
- C. They encourage people to spend more time outdoors.
- D. They reduce the need for face-to-face communication.
答案：B
解析：本题考查细节理解。文章第三段明确提到：“professionals can manage their work schedules on the go.”（专业人士可以随时随地管理工作日程。）这对应了B项“它们帮助人们轻松管理工作日程。”A项“让人们更不依赖彼此”文中未提及；C项“鼓励人们花更多时间在户外”文中未提及；D项“减少面对面交流的需求”是负面影响，而非优势。故选B。
7填空题
The bridge ______ (build) now will be completed by the end of next year.
答案：being built
解析：本题考查非谓语动词作定语的用法。句意为“正在建设的那座桥将于明年年底竣工。”分析句子结构，空格处作后置定语修饰名词“The bridge”，且“The bridge”与动词“build”之间为被动关系（桥被建设）。根据时间状语“now”可知，建设动作正在进行中，因此应使用现在分词的被动式“being built”表示“正在被建设”。易错点：误用“built”表示已完成，或“to be built”表示将来。
8填空题
If I ______ (be) you, I would take the chance to study abroad.
答案：were
解析：本题考查虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法。句意为“如果我是你，我会抓住机会出国留学。”表示与现在事实相反的假设，从句谓语动词用一般过去时（be动词用were），主句谓语动词用“would/could/might/should + 动词原形”。易错点：误用“was”（虽然在口语中有时出现，但正式语法中虚拟语气第一、三人称单数常用“were”）。