1选择题
The news ______ he had won the first prize in the competition excited all of us.
- A. which
- B. what
- C. that
- D. whether
答案：C
解析：本题考查名词性从句中的同位语从句。分析句子结构，主句为"The news excited all of us."，"______ he had won the first prize in the competition"是对"The news"内容的解释说明，是一个同位语从句。从句中不缺少成分，且意义完整，因此使用连接词that。which引导定语从句或名词性从句时需在从句中充当成分；what引导名词性从句时需在从句中充当主语、宾语等成分；whether表示“是否”，与句意不符。易错点在于混淆同位语从句和定语从句，或误用what。故选C。
2选择题
It is required that every student ______ their temperature checked before entering the school gate.
- A. has
- B. have
- C. had
- D. would have
答案：B
解析：本题考查虚拟语气在主语从句中的用法。在“It is required/demanded/ordered... that...”句型中，that引导的主语从句需使用虚拟语气，即“(should) + 动词原形”。因此，此处应使用动词原形have。易错点在于忽略该句型对虚拟语气的要求，而根据主语“every student”误用第三人称单数has。故选B。
3选择题
The professor, together with his assistants, ______ working on the project day and night to meet the deadline.
- A. are
- B. is
- C. were
- D. have been
答案：B
解析：本题考查主谓一致和非谓语动词。句子主语是“The professor”，是单数概念；“together with his assistants”是介词短语作状语，不影响主语的单复数。因此谓语动词应使用单数形式。同时，根据“day and night”可知动作持续进行，应用现在进行时is working。选项B“is”符合主谓一致和时态要求。易错点在于受“his assistants”影响误选复数动词。故选B。
4选择题
______ from the hilltop, the city looks more beautiful at night.
- A. To see
- B. Seeing
- C. Seen
- D. Having seen
答案：C
解析：本题考查非谓语动词作状语。句子的逻辑主语是“the city”，与动词see之间是被动关系（城市被看），因此应使用过去分词Seen作状语，表示被动和完成。选项A不定式表目的或将来；选项B现在分词表主动或进行；选项D现在分词完成式表主动且动作先于谓语发生。均不符合语境。易错点在于忽略非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的主动或被动关系，误选B。故选C。
5填空题
The reason ______ he was absent from the meeting was ______ his car broke down on the way.
答案：why; that
解析：本题考查定语从句和表语从句。第一空引导定语从句修饰“The reason”，且在从句中作原因状语，应用关系副词why。第二空引导表语从句，说明“the reason”的具体内容，从句成分完整，应用that。易错点在于第一空误用that或because，第二空误用because或why。
6填空题
If I ______ (be) you, I would accept the job offer without hesitation.
答案：were
解析：本题考查虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法。根据主句“I would accept...”可知，这是与现在事实相反的假设。在虚拟条件句中，be动词不论人称，一律用were。易错点在于受主语“I”影响误用was。
7解答题
请根据括号内提示，将下列句子改写为含有非谓语动词的句子。
原句：Because he was moved by the story, he decided to help the poor children.
答案：Moved by the story, he decided to help the poor children.
解析：本题考查过去分词作原因状语。原句Because引导原因状语从句，主语he与动词move之间是被动关系（他被故事感动）。因此可以将从句简化为过去分词短语“Moved by the story”作状语，置于句首。易错点在于忽略被动关系，误用现在分词Moving。
8解答题
请根据括号内提示，将下列句子改写为含有名词性从句的句子。
原句：He didn't attend the meeting. The reason was unknown.
答案：The reason why he didn't attend the meeting was unknown. 或 Why he didn't attend the meeting was unknown.
解析：本题考查名词性从句（主语从句或同位语从句）的构建。可以将两个句子合并为一个含有主语从句的句子：“Why he didn't attend the meeting was unknown.”，其中Why引导主语从句。也可以构建为含有同位语从句的句子：“The reason why he didn't attend the meeting was unknown.”，其中why引导定语从句修饰reason，整个名词短语作主语。易错点在于混淆定语从句和名词性从句的结构，或误用连接词that。