1选择题
The new 5G network, which is crucial for smart city development, _______ across the province since the beginning of this year.
- A. has been expanded
- B. has expanded
- C. is expanded
- D. was expanded
答案：A
解析：本题考查现在完成时的被动语态。解题关键：1. 分析句子结构：主语 "The new 5G network" 与动词 "expand" 之间构成被动关系（网络被扩展），因此需用被动语态。2. 判断时态：时间状语 "since the beginning of this year" 表示动作从过去某时开始，持续到现在，并可能继续，强调对现在的影响，应使用现在完成时。3. 构成被动语态：现在完成时的被动语态结构为 "have/has + been + 过去分词"。主语 "The new 5G network" 为单数，故用 "has been expanded"。选项B为主动语态，不符合主被动关系；选项C为一般现在时的被动语态，不表示从过去持续到现在的动作；选项D为一般过去时的被动语态，仅表示过去发生的动作，不强调与现在的联系。易错点：1. 误判主被动关系，错选B；2. 忽略 "since" 的时间延续含义，错选C或D。故选A。
2选择题
The Harbin Ice and Snow Festival, _______ attracts millions of visitors from home and abroad every winter, is a perfect example of how traditional art can be combined with modern technology.
- A. that
- B. which
- C. when
- D. where
答案：B
解析：本题考查非限制性定语从句。解题步骤：1. 分析句子结构，主句为"The Harbin Ice and Snow Festival... is a perfect example..."，主语后有一个逗号，提示其后为非限制性定语从句。2. 分析从句"_______ attracts millions of visitors..."，该从句缺少主语，且先行词为"The Harbin Ice and Snow Festival"（事物），因此应使用关系代词。3. 在非限制性定语从句中，指物时用which，不能用that。4. 选项C (when) 和 D (where) 是关系副词，在从句中作状语，但本从句需要主语，故排除。易错点：易受限制性定语从句思维影响而误选that；忽略逗号标志。故选B。
3选择题
阅读下面关于太空探索的短文，并根据上下文及构词法知识猜测划线单词的含义。
Space tourism, once a distant dream, is now becoming a reality for a growing number of wealthy individuals. However, the high cost of a single trip remains a significant barrier. To make space travel more accessible, companies are developing reusable rockets. The successful landing and reuse of a rocket booster is a major technological breakthrough. If this technology becomes widely adopted, it could dramatically reduce the cost of launching payloads into orbit, making space more _______ (feasible) for both scientific research and commercial ventures.
- A. 不切实际的
- B. 可行的，可能的
- C. 危险的
- D. 昂贵的
答案：B
解析：本题考查在科技创新语境下利用上下文和构词法猜测词义的能力（考点2）。解题关键步骤：1. 分析上下文逻辑：前文提到可重复使用火箭技术能“dramatically reduce the cost”（大幅降低成本），后文是“making space more... for both scientific research and commercial ventures”（使太空对科学研究和商业活动更……）。降低成本的结果应该是让太空探索变得更“可行”或“可能”。2. 利用构词法辅助验证：单词 "feasible" 由词根 "feas"（意为“做”或“可能”，如 “feature”）和形容词后缀 "-ible"（表示“能够…的”）构成，字面意为“能够做的”，引申为“可行的，可能的”。3. 排除干扰项：A选项“不切实际的”与上下文降低成本的积极趋势矛盾；C选项“危险的”在文中无直接依据；D选项“昂贵的”与“reduce the cost”的逻辑相反。因此，正确答案是B。故选B。
4填空题
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China's high-speed rail (HSR) system is one of the most _______ (advanced) in the world. It _______ (develop) rapidly over the past two decades, connecting major cities and boosting economic growth. The technology _______ (use) in the new "Fuxing" trains is _______ (complete) home-grown, making it a symbol of national innovation. Passengers often comment that the ride is _______ (smooth) than they expected.
答案：1. advanced
2. has been developed
3. used
4. completely
5. smoother
解析：本题为一篇关于中国高铁的短文，综合考查多个语法点，与科技创新情境结合。
1. 考查形容词最高级：句型 "one of the + 最高级 + 复数名词"，提示用 "advanced" 的最高级形式 "most advanced"。
2. 考查现在完成时的被动语态：主语 "It" 指代 "HSR system"，与动词 "develop" 为被动关系（系统被发展）；时间状语 "over the past two decades" 表示从过去持续到现在，应用现在完成时被动语态 "has been developed"。
3. 考查非谓语动词（过去分词作定语）："technology" 与 "use" 之间为被动关系，用过去分词 "used" 作后置定语，相当于 "which is used"。
4. 考查副词：修饰形容词 "home-grown"，应用副词 "completely"。
5. 考查形容词比较级：空格后有 "than"，提示用比较级，"smooth" 为单音节词，比较级为 "smoother"。
易错点：1. 第1题漏写最高级或误用 "more advanced"；2. 第2题忽略被动关系或时态判断错误，写成 "developed" 或 "is developed"；3. 第3题误用现在分词 "using"；4. 第4题误用形容词 "complete"；5. 第5题比较级形式错误，写成 "more smooth"。
5解答题
你所在的学校英语社团计划举办一场以“科技与生活”为主题的演讲比赛。请你为比赛写一份英文通知，内容需包括：
1. 比赛目的（如激发创新思维、提高英语表达能力）。
2. 比赛时间、地点及报名方式。
3. 对演讲内容的要求（结合科技创新与工程实践情境）。
注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Notice
Dear students,
To inspire creative thinking and improve our English speaking skills, the English Club will host a speech competition.
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
We are looking forward to your active participation!
The English Club
答案：参考答案：
Notice
Dear students,
To inspire creative thinking and improve our English speaking skills, the English Club will host a speech competition on the theme of "Technology and Life". The event aims to encourage students to explore the impact of modern technology on our daily lives and future careers.
The competition will be held in the school auditorium from 3:00 PM to 5:00 PM next Friday. All students are welcome to participate. If you are interested, please sign up by sending your name and class to our club email (englishclub@school.edu.cn) before this Wednesday.
For the content, your speech should focus on a specific aspect of technological innovation, such as artificial intelligence, green engineering, or digital transformation. You are expected to combine factual information with personal reflections, demonstrating both factual knowledge and critical thinking. Using vivid examples from real-world engineering projects is highly recommended.
We are looking forward to your active participation!
The English Club
（写作思路与要点分析：1. 情境设定明确，紧扣“科技创新与工程实践”。2. 结构完整，覆盖通知的三个要点：目的、活动信息、内容要求。3. 语言得体，使用正式通知用语。4. 内容要求部分具体化，引导学生从具体科技领域切入，并强调结合实例与个人思考，体现了综合应用能力。易错点：遗漏关键信息点；内容要求过于笼统，未与给定情境结合；语言过于口语化，不符合通知文体。）
解析：本题为概要写作与应用文写作的综合考查，属于读后续写能力的延伸，侧重综合应用。解题关键：1. 准确理解题目要求，涵盖所有要点。2. 将“科技创新与工程实践”这一情境背景自然融入演讲内容要求中，如具体举例AI、绿色工程等。3. 注意通知的格式和语言风格。4. 逻辑清晰，行文连贯。学生常见问题：只罗列要点，缺乏细节支撑；未能将情境要求具体化；语言平淡，缺乏高级表达。
6解答题
阅读下面关于科技创新的情境段落，并按要求完成句子改写。
情境：在智能农业领域，工程师们设计了一套由人工智能控制的灌溉系统。该系统最初是为了解决干旱地区的水资源短缺问题而开发的。现在，它已经被广泛应用于各种气候条件下的农场。
请将以下句子改写为包含过去分词作定语的结构，使其更简洁：
原句：The irrigation system that was developed to solve the problem of water scarcity in arid regions has been widely applied.
改写要求：将定语从句 "that was developed to solve the problem..." 改为过去分词短语作后置定语。
答案：The irrigation system developed to solve the problem of water scarcity in arid regions has been widely applied.
解析：原句中的定语从句 "that was developed..." 修饰名词 "system"。由于 "system" 与动词 "develop" 之间是被动关系（系统被开发），且该从句可以简化为非谓语形式，因此应使用过去分词短语 "developed to solve..." 作后置定语。这样既保持了原意，又使句子结构更加紧凑。
解析：本题综合考查了过去分词作定语（考点1）以及在科技情境中的应用。易错点在于：1. 学生可能误用现在分词 "developing"，表示主动，但这里系统是被开发的。2. 可能忘记删除原从句中的关系代词 "that" 和助动词 "was"。3. 在改写时可能改变原句的其他部分，如时态或主干结构。解题关键在于准确判断被修饰名词与动词的逻辑关系（被动），并确保简化后的句子主干（The irrigation system... has been applied）保持不变。
7解答题
阅读下面短文，根据上下文和括号内所给单词的提示，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。注意：每空不超过三个词。
The news that China successfully launched the Mengzhou spacecraft (1) _______ (fill) the whole nation with pride. It was a breakthrough (2) _______ (make) by generations of scientists. What excited the public most was (3) _______ the spacecraft would carry out a series of complex experiments in lunar orbit. Some people wondered (4) _______ long-term space missions would affect astronauts' health. The team leader emphasized that every possible risk had been carefully evaluated, and that safety was (5) _______ they cared about most. This mission not only demonstrates China's advanced technology but also reflects (6) _______ the spirit of exploration means to human civilization. The achievement reminds us (7) _______ great things can be accomplished through perseverance and collaboration. Scientists believe (8) _______ is essential to continue pushing the boundaries of space exploration.
答案：1. filled 2. made 3. that 4. how 5. what 6. what 7. that 8. it
解析：本题综合考查名词性从句（主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句）、非谓语动词（过去分词作定语）及固定句型。
1. 考查时态和主谓一致。主语 The news 为单数，且描述已发生的事，故用一般过去时 filled。
2. 考查非谓语动词。 breakthrough 与 make 为被动关系，且动作已完成，故用过去分词 made 作后置定语。
3. 考查表语从句。从句句意完整，不缺成分，用 that 引导，that 无实义，不可省略。
4. 考查宾语从句。从句修饰 long-term，表示“多长时间”，用 how。
5. 考查表语从句。从句中 cared about 缺宾语，指代“关心的事物”，用 what。
6. 考查宾语从句。从句中 meant 缺宾语，指代“意味着什么”，用 what。
7. 考查宾语从句。从句句意完整，用 that 引导，that 可省略，但为保持结构清晰，此处填 that 更佳。
8. 考查形式主语。真正主语为后面的不定式短语 to continue...，用 it 作形式主语。
易错点：1. 忽略 news 的单复数对谓语的影响；2. 在从句成分完整时误用 what；3. 在从句缺主语或宾语时误用 that；4. 忘记 it 作形式主语的用法。
8解答题
假设你是李华，你的英国笔友 Tom 对中国最新的空间站“天宫”的科研活动很感兴趣，写信询问相关情况。请你给他回一封邮件，内容包括：
1. 介绍“天宫”空间站的一项主要科研领域（如：生命科学、微重力物理等）及其意义；
2. 说明这项研究如何体现科技创新与工程实践的结合；
3. 表达你对人类太空探索未来的看法。
注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3. 开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。
Dear Tom,
I'm glad to hear from you. You asked about the scientific research on China's Tiangong space station.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
答案：One possible version:
Dear Tom,
I'm glad to hear from you. You asked about the scientific research on China's Tiangong space station.
One major area is life science experiments. Scientists study how microgravity affects cell growth and human physiology. This research is significant because it helps us understand the challenges of long-duration space travel and may lead to medical breakthroughs on Earth.
This field perfectly combines technological innovation with engineering practice. For example, creating a stable and controllable lab environment in space requires advanced engineering solutions, while designing innovative experiments pushes the boundaries of scientific knowledge.
In my view, human space exploration is crucial for our future. It not only satisfies our curiosity but also drives technological progress that benefits all mankind. I believe international cooperation, like that seen in the Tiangong program, will be key to achieving greater milestones.
Yours,
Li Hua
解析：本题为应用文写作，考查学生综合语言运用能力，重点融合了名词性从句（宾语从句、主语从句）、非谓语动词（动名词作主语）、定语从句等语法知识，并结合了科技创新与工程实践的情境。
1. 内容要点：需覆盖三个要点。第一点需具体介绍一个科研领域（如生命科学）并说明其意义；第二点需解释该研究如何体现科技与工程的结合，需有具体例子或逻辑阐述；第三点需表达对未来探索的看法，观点需明确。
2. 语言要求：需使用本册重点语法，如名词性从句（I believe that..., What excited us was...）、非谓语动词（Studying cell growth helps...）、定语从句（...experiments, which push...）等。语言应准确、连贯，符合邮件格式。
3. 易错点：a) 内容空泛，未具体说明科研领域及其意义；b) 未能清晰阐释“科技创新”与“工程实践”的结合点，只是简单罗列名词；c) 语法错误，尤其是名词性从句和非谓语动词的使用；d) 词数控制不当，或遗漏要点。